His victory resulted in the unification of Canada and the American colonies under the British crown. In the same year the Quakers raised the subject of the abolition of slavery in the colonies.ġ731 – English factory workers prevented from emigrating to America.ġ750 – The British and French entered discussions on boundaries in North America.ġ759 – Major-General James Wolfe sails up the Saint Lawrence River and captures Quebec City from the French. The treaty also included Britain’s right to import slaves into Spanish colonies.ġ719 – Ireland declared inseparable from Britain by the British Government.ġ727 – War broke out between Spain and Britain, resulting in the siege of Gibraltar by the Spanish. This treaty allows Britain to make considerable territorial gains in the Americas and Mediterranean, including Newfoundland, St Kitts, Hudson’s Bay as well as Gibraltar and Minorca. (This has been disputed and is not universally recognised).ġ708 – British East India Company and a rival company were merged into the United Company of Merchants of England, trading to the East Indies.ġ713 – The Treaty of Utrecht successfully concludes the War of the Spanish Succession. The Navigation Acts were passed in order to protect trading networks and products from rival powers such as the Dutch.ġ661 – Charles II received a Dowry present from the Portuguese after his marriage to Catherine de Braganza, in the form of Tangier and Bombay.ġ664 – The English gained control of the Dutch colony of New Netherland, renaming the settlement New York.ġ666 – The Bahamas were successfully colonised.ġ668 – English East India Company takes over Bombay.ġ690 – Job Charnock formally founded Calcutta on behalf of the East India Company. Kitts.ġ627 – Settlements established in Barbados.ġ633 – English trading post established in Bengal.ġ655 – The island of Jamaica was taken from the Spanish and annexed.ġ660 – The founding of the Royal African Company. Meanwhile a smallpox epidemic sweeps through New England, decimating the Native American population.Īrrival of the Mayflower in the New Worldġ620 – The Mayflower set sail from the port of Plymouth and began the journey with around one hundred passengers, mainly Puritans seeking a new life away from persecution across the Atlantic.ġ624 – Settlements successfully established at St. Hawkins, alongside Francis Drake, were given permission for privateering raids against Spanish ports in the Americas showing the determination to catch up with the success of the Spanish and Portuguese in this new “Age of Discovery”.ġ577 – Francis Drake began his circumnavigation of the world which he completed in 1580.ġ578 – The Levant Trading Company was founded in London for trading with the Ottoman Empire.ġ597 – The Act of Parliament was passed which allowed transportation of convicted criminals to the colonies.ġ600 – Formation of the East India Company.ġ604 – Attempts made to establish a colony in Guiana.Ĭaptain John Smith landing at Jamestown, Virginia, 1607ġ607 – Captain John Smith and the Virginia Company managed to establish the first permanent settlement in the Americas at Jamestown.ġ615 – Defeat of the Portuguese at Bombay in a dispute with the English over trading rights.ġ617 – Sir Walter Raleigh begins his voyage to find ‘El Dorado’. Whilst he perished during the journey, the other vessel was successful in creating a trade agreement with Russia.ġ556 – The Tudor conquest of Ireland led to land confiscation to be used for plantations.ġ562 – The English naval commander John Hawkins began his involvement in the slave trade between West Africa and the New World. Cabot managed to reach the coast of Newfoundland and believed he had made it as far as Asia.ġ502 – Henry VII commissioned another voyage, a joint venture between the English and Portuguese to North America.ġ547 – Italian explorer Sebastian Cabot, employed by the English Crown, returned to England with information about the Spanish and Portuguese overseas explorations.ġ552 – English naval officer Thomas Wyndham brought back sugar and molasses from Guinea.ġ554 – Sir Hugh Willoughby, an English soldier and navigator, led a fleet of vessels in search of a northeast route to the Far East. The British Empire began in its formative years in the sixteenth century and flourished and grew dramatically, lasting until the twentieth century.ġ497 – John Cabot is sent by King Henry VII on an expedition to discover a route to Asia via the Atlantic. The British Empire is remembered for its extensive, long-lasting and far-reaching imperial activities that ushered in an era of globalisation and connectivity.
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